{"id":43,"date":"2023-01-30T14:16:23","date_gmt":"2023-01-30T14:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tutorials.darkworld.network\/?p=43"},"modified":"2023-01-30T17:07:55","modified_gmt":"2023-01-30T17:07:55","slug":"linux-commands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tutorials.darkworld.network\/?p=43","title":{"rendered":"Linux Commands"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

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Commands<\/th>\r\nDescription<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
ls<\/td>\r\nTo list down all the contents of directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cd<\/td>\r\nTo change the directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cd \/bin\/<\/td>\r\nChange current directory to bin directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cd ~<\/td>\r\nThe tilde (~) sign signifies the user\u2019s home dir \u2013 change dir to home directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cd ..<\/td>\r\nIt changes directory one level up<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
mkdir<\/td>\r\nTo create a directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
pwd<\/td>\r\nIt display current directory path<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cat <filename><\/td>\r\nCommand to print all the contents of provided filename on the screen<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cp<\/td>\r\nIt copies the file or directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cp \/home\/dw \/home\/linux<\/td>\r\nIt copies the \/home\/dw\/ directory to \/home\/linux\/ directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
mv<\/td>\r\nmv move command is used to move files and directories<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
mv \/home\/dw\/info.txt \/newDirectoryName\/<\/td>\r\nIt moves the file info.txt to the \/newDirectoryName\/ directory. You can also use this command to move the entire directory to another Directory<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
rm<\/td>\r\nrm command is used to remove files and directories.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
rm info.txt<\/td>\r\nThis command will remove the file info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
find<\/td>\r\nfind command perform search of file<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
find \/ -name \u201clinux*\u201d<\/td>\r\nThe find command is a powerful tool that you can use when searching using the command line. The command here will search for any file or directory with a name that starts with linux<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
uname -a<\/td>\r\nThis command displays information about the machine, the processor architecture, and the operating system details.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
lscpu<\/td>\r\nThis command returns more information about the system such as the number of CPUs and the CPU speed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo<\/td>\r\nThis is a file that contains more information than the one displayed using the lscpu command<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
df -h<\/td>\r\nThis command displays the disk space usage in all of the mounted devices. The -h option presents the results in a human readable output, using G for gigabytes or M for megabytes sizes<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
du ~\/Downloads<\/td>\r\nThis command displays all the files inside the specified directory and their corresponding file sizes. You can also specify a filename<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
du ~\/Downloads -sh<\/td>\r\nThe \u2013s option provides the total file size of the specified directory and -h makes it human readable form<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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Keys<\/th>\r\nDescription<\/th>\r\nExample<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
info<\/td>\r\nShows online information about a command<\/td>\r\n$ info uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
man<\/td>\r\nShows details (manual) of a command<\/td>\r\n$ man uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
whatis<\/td>\r\nShows a short description of a specific keyword<\/td>\r\n$ whatis uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
type<\/td>\r\nShows the location of a command file<\/td>\r\n$ type uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
alias<\/td>\r\nAssign a command alias \u2013 especially useful for long commands<\/td>\r\n$ alias t=type $ t uname $ alias<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
unalias<\/td>\r\nRemove command alias<\/td>\r\n$ unalias t<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
pwd<\/td>\r\nDisplays the current directory<\/td>\r\n$ pwd<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
ln<\/td>\r\nCreate links to files and directories<\/td>\r\n$ ln -s [file] [soft-link-to-file] $ ln -s info.txt newinfo.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
touch<\/td>\r\nTo trigger a file stamp update for a file<\/td>\r\n$ touch info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
find<\/td>\r\nSearch for a file based on the name<\/td>\r\n$ find [dir-path] -name [filename] $ find . -name info.jpeg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
whereis<\/td>\r\nSearch for executable files<\/td>\r\n$ whereis uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
which<\/td>\r\nSearch for files in the directories part of the PATH variable<\/td>\r\n$ which uname<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
dd<\/td>\r\nCopy lines of data<\/td>\r\n$ dd conv=ucase Type Hello world ctrl+d $ echo \u201chello world > info.txt $ dd if=info.txt of=newinfo.txt conv=ucase $ cat newinfo.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
diff<\/td>\r\nDisplay the results of comparing two files<\/td>\r\n$ echo \u201chello world > info.txt $ echo \u201chello world > info1.txt $ diff info.txt info1.txt -s $ echo \u201chello world123 > newinfo.txt $ diff info.txt newinfo.txt -s<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
more<\/td>\r\nShow a text file one page at a time \u2013 display can only go forward<\/td>\r\n$ ls -R > info.txt $ more info.txt $ ls -R | more<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
less<\/td>\r\nShow a text file one page at a time \u2013 display can only go forward and backwards<\/td>\r\n$ less info.txt $ ls -R | less<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
wc<\/td>\r\nDisplay the count of the number of characters, words, and lines in a file<\/td>\r\n$ wc info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cut<\/td>\r\nGet sections of text in a file<\/td>\r\n$ cut -b 1 info.txt $ cut -b 1-3 info.txt $ cut -b 1,3 info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
grep<\/td>\r\nDisplay results of finding expressions in a file<\/td>\r\n$ cat info.txt | grep Desktop $ cat info.txt | grep -i desktop $ grep -i “desktop” info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
sed<\/td>\r\nPerform editing commands, then copy to a standard output<\/td>\r\nFirst occurance in every line will be changed $ dw’s\/Desktop\/Dashboard\/’ info.txt 2nd occurance in every line will be changed $ dw ‘s\/Desktop\/Dashboard\/2’ info.txt All occurances will be changed $ dw ‘s\/Desktop\/Dashboard\/g’ info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
split<\/td>\r\nSpecify a size to break a file into<\/td>\r\n$ split info.txt $ ls $ rm x* -l100 is 100 lines per file $ split -l100 info.txt $ ls<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
sort<\/td>\r\nArrange the lines in a file<\/td>\r\n$ sort info.txt<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
uniq<\/td>\r\nKeep unique lines in a file and delete duplicates<\/td>\r\n$ echo \u201cHey Hi Hello Commands Linux Irc\u201d > info.txt $ cat info.txt $ uniq info.txt $ uniq info.txt -c $ uniq info.txt -d<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
tar<\/td>\r\nArchive files with one or more directories<\/td>\r\nArchive the file $ tar -cf archive.tar file1 file2 Extract the files $ tar -xf archive.tar<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
cal<\/td>\r\nShow the calendar for the specified month or year<\/td>\r\n$ cal $ cal -3 $ cal -m 5 $ cal -y 2020<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
date<\/td>\r\nShow\/Set the current date and time<\/td>\r\n$ date Sets the system date and time to given date $ date -s “11\/20\/2003 12:48:00”<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
bg<\/td>\r\nRun a program or a process in the background<\/td>\r\n$ bg %[PID]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
free<\/td>\r\nCheck for the free memory<\/td>\r\n$free<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
kill<\/td>\r\nStop a process<\/td>\r\n$ kill <PSID><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
nice<\/td>\r\nRun a program with a low priority, niceness values range from -20 to 19, with the former being most favorable, while latter being least<\/td>\r\n$ nice -10 ls -R $ nice –10 ls -R<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
ps<\/td>\r\nShow current running processes<\/td>\r\n$ps<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
top<\/td>\r\nShow list of CPU and memory utilization of processes<\/td>\r\n$top<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
reboot<\/td>\r\nRestart the system<\/td>\r\n$reboot<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
shutdown<\/td>\r\nTurn off system<\/td>\r\n$shutdown<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Commands Description ls To list down all the contents of directory cd To change the directory cd \/bin\/ Change current directory to bin directory cd ~ The tilde (~) sign signifies the user\u2019s home dir \u2013 change dir to home directory cd .. It changes directory one level up mkdir To create a directory pwd
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